A robust and automated method for geometric modelling of thick laminates with multiple and asymmetric ply wrinkles

Ply wrinkles are often found in thick laminates and they known to be a major failure cause of composite structures. To assess the criticality ply accurately efficiently, complex wrinkle geometries - which commonly simplified as single sinusoidal, Gaussian or combined function, should described precisely preferably an automated manner. This study presents robust method for geometric reconstruction finite element meshing entire with multiple, asymmetric out-of-plane wrinkles. We extract coordinate information each data point along plies from inspection images, subsequently, multiple functions used best fit geometry. reconstruct laminate, we interpolate intermediate layers based on fitted layers. Finite models concerned subsequently generated analysed structural criticality. The procedure is automatised implemented MATLAB codes. demonstration studies show robustness efficiency proposed can contribute closing gap between non-destructive testing assessment